Cancer cells grow and grow like a snowball, pulling other cells into malignancies and tumors. Typically, cancer occurs when genes that control how cells grow and divide mutate, causing them to malfunction. The genes that are the gas and the brakes of cell division and growth are called oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Source: BioNinja. How does this apply to Deadpool?
Well, one way to think about it is that when his limbs get blown off or he takes a bullet through his body, the stars align for oncogene and tumor suppressor activity such that cells grow back quickly and precisely without going overboard. In other words, oncogene activity ramps up in the damaged area, and the cancer cells start multiplying and rebuilding the limb or tissue; then, once the healing process is moving along, tumor-suppressor genes come in and stifle the oncogenes before they get too out of control.
Is this likely to work out in humans? Scientifically, cancer and regeneration are linked. The idea of re-growing a missing limb sounds extraordinary, but a type of salamander that lives in Mexico called an axolotl is capable of doing just that. Scientists have established that the axolotl can regenerate limbs cut at any level, perfectly and with no scarring.
They can even regenerate a cut spinal cord and even parts of the brain. The axolotl uses a similar relationship to the one painted above in Deadpool between oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes to regenerate, just not at the speed it takes to flip between the pages of a comic book or watch a scene of a film.
Not all parts of the body regenerate equally. There are regions of constant cell growth and populations of cells with a high degree of plasticity and regenerative activity like the skin, gut, and muscles -— even parts of the nervous system. On the other hand, hearts are notorious for being limited in terms of plasticity and regenerative activity.
The key to this phenomenon is that heart cells essentially do not divide in adulthood. Black Ops time. Eventually unbreakable adamantium claws are grafted to his bones and upgrade his skeleton. This complements his biological mutant abilities. In the movies and comic books Wolverine almost comes out as indestructible, like Superman.
The difference is Wolverine does get hurt and injured. A lot. This begs the question—is it actually possible to speed up healing? Healing from injury may be linked with the ability to regenerate whole parts of the body. The axolotl—Ambystoma Mexicanum—has been well studied scientifically because it can regenerate whole limbs. The axolotl can also accept tissue transplants from other animals very readily. In short, it has amazing healing and growth potential. The axolotl is like a naturally occurring version of the mutant healing factor found in the comic book Wolverine.
But without sharp adamantium claws too bad. Or a yellow jumpsuit thankfully. The observed fact that some animals—like the axolotyl, newts, and planarian worms—can regenerate their own tissues has long been held as an ancient capability that all animals might have buried deep within their DNA.
This has raised the tantalizing possibility that if we could just learn where and what in the newt genome was coding for healing and regeneration we could figure out how to turn that on in us humans. Just recently, though, analysis of the newt genome shows that this capability may be a unique specialization that recently evolved.
On top of that, the genome itself is much larger than originally estimated clocking in at about an order of magnitude larger than our own human genome. This complicates sequencing efforts. And it will be pretty challenging to actually get there. We are though, well on our way to better understanding and improving healing by using low-level laser light.
Even though it is currently in his possession, the properties of the blade halt his healing factor, meaning if he was ever beheaded with it, he would be gone for good, theoretically. As a result of the gamma radiation that created the Hulk, Bruce Banner also gained the ability to rapidly heal from injuries. Like his strength, the speed at which he can heal from wounds is connected to the level of rage he possesses. The angrier he is, the faster he can heal.
This can definitely come in handy during a conflict if he starts losing limbs, as seen recently in Maestro: War and Pax 3. When the future Hulk has his forearm chopped off, he is able to quickly reattach it in the midst of dispatching the opposition. Like Deadpool and Wolverine, the Hulk's healing factor makes him nearly immortal. He has only been effectively killed in a few circumstances including when Logan cut him from the inside out after being consumed by a deranged version of the Hulk in Old Man Logan , and when Hawkeye shot Banner with two gamma irradiate, vibranium tipped arrows during the events of Civil War II although the Hulk eventually returned.
When looking at the three characters, they all have incredible healing abilities. That said, for Deadpool and Logan time plays a factor in their healing, especially with major injuries like explosions and decapitation.
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